食物碗与听诊器图标

治疗性营养

关于具有营养敏感健康状况的猫犬的需求的实用信息。

胃肠道疾病

犬慢性肠病

犬慢性肠病 是一组复杂的非特异性胃肠道 (GI) 疾病，其特征是临床症状持续 3 周或更长时间，并且已排除其他原因（例如寄生虫、细菌感染、癌症和非胃肠道疾病）。1─4 胃肠道的一个或多个部分可能受到影响，因此慢性肠病患犬可能会合并出现任何多种严重的胃肠道症状，包括慢性间歇性或持续性腹泻和/或呕吐、体重减轻、食欲变化、肠鸣音、恶心和腹痛。1,5,6

被认为在慢性肠病发展中起作用的主要因素包括遗传学、食物成分、肠道屏障完整性、消化道 微生物群 和肠道免疫应答。5,7,8 多项犬类研究已将肠道菌群失调与各种急性和慢性胃肠道疾病（包括慢性肠病）相关联。9─14 然而，目前尚不清楚菌群失调是肠病的致因还是后果。15 

犬肠道青色图标


根据治疗反应、肠道活检和组织病理学（或两者），慢性肠病可分为四类：16

慢性肠病患犬的诊断和治疗管理密切相关。最初，饮食干预被用作诊断工具，目的是提供全面均衡的营养，避免已知的过敏原或导致不良食物反应的成分，以及缓解临床症状。许多犬对饮食方案改变和营养治疗反应良好，无需进行活检和组织病理学检查。对于表现出轻度至中度慢性胃肠道疾病症状且未发现其他原因的大多数患犬，目前通常建议在内窥镜检查之前进行 排除饮食试验，除非存在负面预后因素（例如，低白蛋白血症、低钴胺素血症、高临床活动指数评分）。1,2,17-20 

营养干预的目的是提供满足犬营养要求的饮食，尽量减少对胃肠道粘膜的刺激，支持正常的胃肠道运动，并缓解或尽量减轻症状。

你知道吗？

 

大约 2/3 的慢性肠病患犬在转诊的兽医诊所就诊时，可能被诊断为食物反应性肠病。17,20

重要信息

对话启动器

“您的爱犬患有被称为慢性肠病的胃肠道疾病，这种疾病具体分为很多不同的类型。我认为更换饮食对[犬的名字]会有好处，我建议我们可以先试试专门针对这种疾病配制的治疗性饮食。我们应该可以在 2 周内看到改善，如果到时没有效果，我们可以再讨论尝试不同的食物，或者采取其他后续步骤。”

相关工具和内容：

妥善记录饮食历史

了解患宠个体的真实饮食情况的唯一方法就是提问，然后将信息记录到宠物病历中。

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营养评估是一个迭代过程：扩展评估

扩展营养评估对于面临营养相关问题风险的宠物至关重要。

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Purina 粪便评分图表

Purina 粪便评分图表是简单实用的工具，可帮助客户描述爱宠的粪便。

查看工具 1 分钟至 5 分钟

为什么要区分小肠性腹泻和大肠性腹泻？

确定胃肠道 (GI) 的哪一个部位受到影响是诊断肠胃道问题的第一步。

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小肠腹泻与大肠腹泻的辨别特征图表

这份简单实用的图表可帮助判断腹泻源于小肠还是大肠。

查看工具 1 分钟至 5 分钟

猫犬肠道菌群失调

饮食调整是管理肠道菌群失调患犬和患猫的治疗计划的关键组成部分。

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基于氨基酸的肠道饮食对犬类不良食物反应和胃肠道疾病的影响

了解基于氨基酸的肠道饮食的历史、用法及益处。 此链接指向英文文章，而该文章未提供[中文]翻译版

查看专题文章 20+ 分钟

与宠物主人分享：

饮食历史筛查记录表

这份简短的饮食历史筛查记录表是一份简单实用的文档，可帮助客户提供有关宠物饮食的重要信息。

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如何鼓励挑食的宠物进食

宠物挑食、挑剔或者对食物不感兴趣是颇具挑战性的难题。

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犬身体状况系统表

Purina 犬身体状况评分系统的视觉辅助工具。

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选择益生菌补充剂时的注意事项

益生菌是一种营养干预措施，可帮助管理胃肠道及其他宠物健康问题。

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更换宠物食品 - 狗

逐渐过渡到新的饮食可以最大程度地降低肠胃不适的风险。

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参考文献

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