
含细菌的肠绒毛
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确保益生菌/合生元的功效
益生菌的作用机制复杂而多样化,并具有菌株特异性。1、2同一益生菌菌株可利用不同的机制抑制不同的病原体。3
此外,同一菌种中不同菌株的效果可能大相径庭。2复合益生菌(由多种菌株组成)不一定比单一菌株益生菌更有效。3、4益生菌也具有剂量依赖性,因此需进行临床研究,来确定特定菌株达到效果所需的适当剂量。
有很多益生菌可用于宠物,但很少被证明是有效的。
此外,还有多项研究对市售人用和宠物用益生菌的质量和纯度提出了质疑。1、5-9在评估的 136 种和 258 种人用和兽用益生菌中,分别只有两种和四种益生菌的产品标签是准确描述的。其他发现包括活菌浓度低;标签上声明有一种或以上微生物而实际却没有;夹杂微生物;及含量标注不准确、不典型。6-9
除了符合有效益生菌的所有标准外,还必须进行稳定性研究,以确定该益生菌(活微生物)在典型的生产、运输和储存条件下仍能存活。Purina 已在该领域进行了广泛的研究,并在这些研究的基础上开发了有效、稳定且安全的益生菌。


随着益生 菌研究和知识的拓展,某些益生菌可能不符合上述的所有标准,但仍具有特定的非胃肠健康益处(如,减少焦虑行为或改善肥胖个体的代谢反应)。
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